Biblioteca

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are a cosmopolitan species that often visit inshore waters close to the coast, making it easier to see and study them. Consequently, this baleen whale has been researched the most, particularly in Colombia (Flórez-González et al., 2007; Avila et al., 2013). The Colombian Pacific is visited by hundreds of humpback whales from Stock G (that feed along the western Antarctic Peninsula) from early May to late December (Acevedo et al., 2017; Avila et al., 2020). These whales use the warm and calm Colombian waters to breed and mate (Flórez-González et al., 2007; Avila et al., 2013, 2020). The Gulf of Tribugá, located on the north Pacific coast of Colombia, is known for its biodiversity and pristine ecosystems almost untouched by human development. Humpback whales are common here. Throughout the breeding season, humpbacks, including competi-tive groups of males, solitary males, and mother–calf pairs with or without escorts, can be observed dis-playing a variety of behaviors.